Peng, Huamin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8612-8966
Du, Hanlei https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8412-163X
Xu, Yueer
Liu, Xiaofeng
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Social Science Fund of China (19ZDA144)
Article History
Received: 2 January 2025
Accepted: 31 October 2025
First Online: 26 December 2025
Declarations
Ethical Approval: During the data collection process, the research team strictly adhered to the applicable ethical standards and relevant legal regulations at that time, ensuring the privacy and data security of the participants.
Conflict of interest: All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.