Liu, Junjiang
Wang, Pengfei https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2123-1532
Article History
Received: 28 October 2024
Accepted: 12 January 2026
First Online: 13 February 2026
Declaration
:
: Approval for the CHARLS study was granted by the InstitutionalReview Board (IRB) and the Ethics Review Committee at Peking University (Ethics Approval Numbers: IRB 00001052-110155; IRB00001052-11014). Before participating in the survey, eachparticipant was informed of the survey content and provided with asigned informed consent form.