Sun, Lei https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0684-8478
Lu, Wang
Wang, Wei
Wang, Hao
Xue, Minmin
Zhang, Xinyi
Funding for this research was provided by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62103300)
the China Scholarship Council (202308120058)
the Key Technologies R&D Program of Tianjin (24YFZCSN00030)
the Key Technologies R&D Program of Tianjin (24YFYSHZ00090)
Article History
Received: 25 June 2025
Accepted: 13 December 2025
First Online: 8 January 2026