Liu, Jingxin
Zhu, Xinran
Shi, Zhangzhen
An, Donghong
Zu, Lihui
Cheng, Kailiang
Zhang, Zhong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9464-8662
Funding for this research was provided by:
the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC1315604)
the Jilin Provincial Department of Science and Technology (20210303003SF)
Article History
Received: 21 April 2025
Accepted: 4 January 2026
First Online: 14 February 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, and the requirement of informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study and the complete de-identification of all personally identifiable information.
: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.