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Article History

Accepted: 13 October 2021

First Online: 6 November 2021

Declarations

:

: No external funding was used in the preparation of this manuscript.

: Iris Y. Sheng, Chandana A. Reddy, Tamara A. Sussman, Joseph Sleiman, and Keith McCrae report no conflicts of interest in this work. Shilpa Gupta reports grant support from BMS, consulting fees from BMS, Merck, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Seattle Genetics and Aveo Pharmaceuticals, and stock options in Nektar. Dana Angelini is on the advisory board for Sanofi. Pauline Funchain acknowledges affiliation with Pfizer and BMS (research funding to the institution). Moshe C. Ornstein reports consulting fees from BMS, Pfizer, Merck, and Eaisi. Alok A. Khorana acknowledges funding from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U01HL143402).

: Data supporting the results reported in this article are available upon request from the authors.

: Coding for the statistical analysis reported in this study is available upon request.

: IYS: Conception of the work, data collection, data interpretation, and drafting of the manuscript. SG: Conception of the work and substantial revisions. CAR: Data analysis and substantial revisions. DA, PF, MCO, KM: Substantial revisions. TS, JS: Data collection. AAK: Conception of the work, data interpretation, and substantial revisions.

: The Cleveland Clinic IRB approved this minimal risk research study.

: Consent was exempted due to the retrospective nature of the study.

: All authors agreed with the content and all gave explicit consent to submit.