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Article History

Accepted: 4 November 2022

First Online: 23 January 2023

Declarations

:

: No external funding was used in the preparation of this manuscript.

: Monica Niger: Travel expenses from Celgene and AstraZeneca; speaker honorarium from Accademia della Medicina; honoraria from Sandoz and Medpoint SRL for editorial collaboration; and consultant honoraria from EMD Serono, Basilea Pharmaceutica, Incyte, MSD Italia and Servier. Filippo De Braud: Honoraria from Roche, Pfizer, BMS, Merck, MSD, SERVIER, Sanofi, Amgen Astellas BioPharma, Incyte; consulting or advisory role for Roche, Incyte, EMD Serono, BMS, Nerviano Medical Sciences, Sanofi, Novartis Italy, and Menarini; research funding (institution) from Novartis, Roche, Merck Serono, Pfizer, Servier, Philogen, Loxo, Tesaro, Nerviano Medical Sciences, and Kymab; and research funding from BMS/Medarex, Merck KGaA, Ignyta, MedImmune, Exelis, Bayer Health, Daiichi Sangyo Europe GmbH, Incyte, Basilea Pharmaceutical, and Janssen Oncology. Teresa Macarulla: (SOBI) Swedish Orpahn Biovitrum AB, Ability Pharmaceuticals SL, Aptitude Health, AstraZeneca, Basilea Pharma, Baxter, BioLineRX Ltd, Celgene, Eisai, Ellipses, Genzyme, Got It Consulting SL, Hirslanden/GITZ, Imedex, Incyte, Ipsen Bioscience , Inc, Janssen, and Lilly; Marketing Farmacéutico & Investigación Clínica, S.L, MDS, Medscape, Novocure, Paraxel, PPD Development, Polaris, QED Therapeutics, Roche Farma, Sanofi-Aventis, Servier, Scilink Comunicación Científica SC, Surface Oncology, and Zymeworks. Margherita Rimini, Carles Fabregat-Franco, Mara Persano, Valentina Burgio, Francesca Bergamo, Mario Scartozzi, Ilario Giovanni Rapposelli, Giuseppe Aprile, Francesca Ratti, Federica Pedica, Helena Verdaguer, Mario Rizzato, Federico Nichetti, Eleonora Lai, Alessandro Cappetta, Matteo Fassan, Andrea Pretta, Francesca Simionato, Francesco De Cobelli, Luca Aldrighetti, Lorenzo Fornaro, Stefano Cascinu, and Andrea Casadei-Gardini declare that they have no conflicts of interest that might be relevant to the contents of this manuscript.

: The Ethical Review Board of each Institutional Hospital approved the present study. This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

: Under the condition of retrospective archival tissue collection and patient data anonymization, our study was exempted from the acquisition of informed consent from patients by the Institutional Review Board.

: Data are available on request from the authors.

: Not applicable.

: Conception and design: MR, ACG, MP. Acquisition of data (acquired and managed patients): All authors. Analysis and interpretation of data: MR, ACG. Writing, review, and/or revision of the manuscript: MR, ACG, MP. Final approval of the manuscript: All authors.