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Article History

Accepted: 2 March 2023

First Online: 19 April 2023

Declarations

:

: This literature review and manuscript was funded by Pfizer Inc.

: Melody Zhao, Yixie Zhang, and Anna Zhou are employees of EVERSANA, which was a paid consultant to Pfizer in connection with the development of this manuscript. Kent A. Hanson is an employee of University of Illinois at Chicago, which was a paid consultant to Pfizer in connection with the development of this manuscript. Ashley S. Cha-Silva is an employee of and stockholder in Pfizer Inc. Alexis Jenkins, Rhett Figliuzzi, Amanda Griffin, Michaela Spence, and Manvir Rai are employees of EVERSANA. Becky Skidmore is a contractor of EVERSANA.

: This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

: Not applicable.

: All authors contributed to the conception and design of the research and provided critical revisions and intellectual content to the manuscript. All authors provided substantial intellectual content and revisions to the manuscript. MZ and YZ conducted analyses and drafted the manuscript, and all authors discussed the results and contributed to the final version of the manuscript. All authors provided critical and intellectual feedback of the research, analysis, and manuscript.