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Article History

Accepted: 30 September 2024

First Online: 7 November 2024

Declarations

:

: This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI, Grant Numbers JP22K07733 and JP24K10796.

: HD received speaker fees from AstraZeneca, Eisai, Varian Medical Systems, and Accuray. YM received speaker fees from AstraZeneca and Varian Medical Systems and has been a member of the guideline committee of the Japan Lung Cancer Society. NK received speaker fees from AstraZeneca and payments for educational events from MSD. TS received speaker fees from AstraZeneca. TM received speaker fees from Varian Medical Systems, Hitachi Ltd., Brainlab AG, Elekta KK, AstraZeneca, and Jannsen; consulting fees from Varian Medical Systems, advisory board of Novartis, grants from Varian Medical Systems, Hitachi Ltd., and Brainlab AG; and has been a member of the Board of Directors of the Japanese Society for Radiation Oncology, Japan Society of Clinical Oncology, Japan Society of Urologic Oncology, and the Board of Specially Assigned Directors. Masakazu Ogura, Takamasa Mitsuyoshi, Nami Ueki, Kazuhito Ueki, Kota Fujii, Masato Sakamoto, Tomoko Atsuta, Tomohiro Katagiri, Masaru Narabayashi, Shuji Ohtsu, Satsuki Fujishiro, and Takahiro Kishi declare that they have no conflicts of interest that might be relevant to the contents of this manuscript.

: The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Kindai University (approval no. R06-010). Fifteen Japanese institutions of the Kyoto Radiation Oncology Study Group (KROSG) participated in this study after obtaining approval from their respective IRBs. Because of the retrospective design of the study, the requirement for written informed consent was waived.

: Not applicable.

: The datasets generated and analyzed in the present study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

: Not applicable.

: HD: conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, investigation, software, visualization, funding acquisition, and writing (original draft); YM: supervision, project administration, methodology, validation and writing (review and editing); NK: resources, data curation, investigation and writing (review and editing); MO: resources and writing (review and editing); TM: resources and writing (review and editing); NU: resources and writing (review and editing); KU: resources and writing (review and editing); KF: resources and writing (review and editing); MS: resources and writing (review and editing); TA: resources and writing (review and editing); TK: resources and writing (review and editing); TS: resources and writing (review and editing); MN: resources and writing (review and editing); SO: resources and writing (review and editing); SF: resources and writing (review and editing); TK: resources and writing (review and editing); TM: supervision and writing (review and editing).