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Article History

Accepted: 3 June 2025

First Online: 23 June 2025

Declarations

:

: No external funding was used in the preparation of this article.

: Andrea Casadei Gardini reports consulting fees from AstraZeneca, Bayer, BMS, Eisai, Incyte, Ipsen, IQVIA, MSD, Roche, Servier ; lecture fees from AstraZeneca, Bayer, BMS, Eisai, Incyte, Ipsen, Roche, Servier; travel expenses from AstraZeneca; research grants (to Institution) from AstraZeneca, Eisai. Federica Lo Prinzi, Federico Rossari, Marianna Silletta, Silvia Camera, Silvia Foti, Mara Persano, Francesco Vitiello, Emanuela Di Giacomo, Mariam Grazia Polito, and Margherita Rimini declare that they have no conflicts of interest that might be relevant to the contents of this article.

: All electronic health record (EHR) data were obtained through TriNetX and were de-identified by them. We accessed this data as part of a no-cost collaboration agreement. To protect patient privacy, some EHR entries were obfuscated by TriNetX. No human subjects were directly involved in this study, and it is not possible to re-identify any patients from the data used.

: Not applicable

: Not applicable.

: Data supporting the results of this study are not publicly available due to privacy concerns, but are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

: Not applicable.

: Conception and design: F. Lo Prinzi, A. Casadei-Gardini, M. Rimini. Acquisition of data (acquired and managed patients): All authors. Analysis and interpretation of data: F. Lo Prinzi, A. Casadei-Gardini. Writing, review, and/or revision of the manuscript: F. Lo Prinzi, A. Casadei-Gardini, M. Rimini. Final approval of manuscript: All authors.