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Authors
Yiu, Chin Hang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7758-6087
Lee, Adrian https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5345-5226
Lu, Christine Y. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7550-6837
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Article History
Received: 26 August 2025
Accepted: 14 October 2025
First Online: 28 October 2025
Declarations
:
: No external funding was used in the preparation of this manuscript.
: Chin Hang Yiu, Adrian Lee, and Christine Y. Lu declare that they have no conflicts of interest that might be relevant to the contents of this manuscript.
: This study was classified as negligible risk and was exempted from ethical approval by The University of Sydney Human Research Ethics Committee.
: Not applicable. No consent to participate was required as this study used only deidentified administrative healthcare data. No interventions were performed with human subjects/patients.
: Not applicable.
: Research data are not shared, as data within the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) DataLab can only be accessed by approved project members.
: Not applicable.
: CHY, AL, and CYL contributed to the study conception and design. CHY performed the data analyses and wrote the initial manuscript. CHY, AL, and CYL contributed significantly to the revision of the manuscript and approved the final manuscript.
