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Authors
Kurokawa, Ryo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1186-8900
Hagiwara, Akifumi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5277-3249
Ueda, Daiju https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3878-3616
Ito, Rintaro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7971-043X
Saida, Tsukasa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4530-7375
Honda, Maya https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5337-3455
Nishioka, Kentaro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8272-7603
Sakata, Akihiko https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3647-7877
Yanagawa, Masahiro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0911-6769
Takumi, Koji https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4067-2891
Oda, Seitaro https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4101-5113
Ide, Satoru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6567-6736
Sofue, Keitaro https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6132-1623
Sugawara, Shunsuke https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5409-7448
Watabe, Tadashi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-2395
Hirata, Kenji https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0036-8975
Kawamura, Mariko https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9211-4934
Iima, Mami https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1991-2494
Naganawa, Shinji https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0214-613X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (25K10905)
The University of Tokyo
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Article History
Received: 6 February 2025
Accepted: 11 August 2025
First Online: 25 August 2025
Declarations
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: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.
: For the figures, we used case images from University of Michigan, the University of Tokyo, and Kyoto University based on ethics Approval Numbers HUM00201078, 2561-(27), and R2088, respectively. Written informed consent was waived because of the retrospective nature of the study.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. For the Figures, we used case images from University of Michigan, the University of Tokyo, and Kyoto University based on ethics Approval Numbers HUM00201078, 2561-(27), and R2088, respectively. Written informed consent was waived because of the retrospective nature of the study.
