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Authors
Oliveira-Sousa, Rúben
Castro, Carla
Carriço, Íris R.
Leite-Silva, Pedro
Macedo-Silva, Catarina
Bravo, Isabel
Santos, João
Jerónimo, Carmen
Miranda-Gonçalves, Vera https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4231-5532
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (UIDP/00776/2020)
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (UI/BD/154815/2023)
Research Center of the Portuguese Institute of Porto (PI 159-CI-IPOP-152-2021 EpiPaRty)
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Article History
Received: 20 June 2025
Accepted: 29 April 2026
First Online: 2 June 2026
Declarations
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: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (Comissão de Ética para a Saúde) of IPO Porto, Portugal (CES.157/023/2022) and was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.
: The processing of personal data was conducted under the principle of lawfulness, based on informed consent (Article 6(1)(a) and Article 9(2)(a) of the General Data Protection Regulation), as authorized by the Data Protection Officer of IPO Porto.
: Not applicable (retrospective study using de-identified data).
