Koohestani, Farzaneh
Nabizadeh, Zahra
Karimi, Nader
Shirani, Shahram
Samavi, Shadrokh https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2591-3453
Article History
Received: 1 August 2025
Accepted: 5 January 2026
First Online: 2 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no financial or non-financial conflicts of interest.
: Not applicable. This study used the publicly available Endo4IE dataset and computational methods, with no human or animal subjects involved.
: Not applicable, as this study does not include identifiable participant data.