Feeny, Kendall https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6755-8574
Wijekoon, Anjana
Wei, Wenhua
Khan, Danyal Zaman
Stoyanov, Danail
Marcus, Hani J.
Bano, Sophia
Funding for this research was provided by:
University College London (203145/Z/16/Z)
EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Medical Imaging (EP/Y01958X/1)
EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Medical Imaging (EP/W00805X/1)
UK Research and Innovation (UKRI145)
UK Research and Innovation (EP/S021612/1)
UK Research and Innovation (NS/A000050/1)
IHR Academic Clinical Fellowship
NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at UCL
Department of Science, Innovation and Technology
Royal Academy of Engineering under the Chair in Emerging Technologies programme.
Article History
Received: 23 February 2026
Accepted: 14 April 2026
First Online: 21 May 2026
Declarations
Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Ethical Approval: The study was registered and approved with UCL Institutional Review Board (IRB) (17819/011).
Informed Consent: Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in this study.