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Authors
Tao, Xilong
Zhang, Xiaohua
Liu, Xiyin
Cao, Lijun
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Hebei Innovation Center for Smart Perception and Applied Technology of Agricultural Data (Grant Nos. ADIC2025Y007)
Hebei Innovation Center for Smart Perception and Applied Technology of Agricultural Data (Grant Nos. ADIC2023Y001)
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Article History
Received: 10 October 2025
Accepted: 7 November 2025
First Online: 19 November 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
