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Authors
Dawid, Herbert https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8536-9960
Kohlweyer, Dirk https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0655-0559
Schleef, Melina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9768-1898
Stummer, Christian https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5495-5740
Tolkmitt, Frederik https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7701-3738
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universität Bielefeld
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Article History
Received: 9 October 2025
Accepted: 23 March 2026
First Online: 13 May 2026
Declarations
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: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. They declare that they have no known conflict of interest or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
: The participants of the empirical study declared their consent with the following statement at the beginning of the questionnaire: “I agree to participate in the study in which I am asked to put myself in the described scenario and answer questions that are targeted at finding out about assessments regarding this scenario. – I understand that some demographic characteristics (e.g., gender and age) are asked at the end of the questionnaire. In addition, I understand that all data are treated as strictly confidential. My personal information is not saved with the data. I can abandon the questionnaire at any time without stating any reason. – I agree with the publication of the study results if the information is anonymous so that an identification of the participants is not possible.”
