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Authors
Ke, Sha
Zhang, Tai-yuan
Wu, Zhuo-lin
Xie, Wei
Liu, Lin
Du, Meng-yi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2428-352X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82400212)
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Article History
Received: 2 April 2025
Revised: 13 August 2025
Accepted: 18 August 2025
First Online: 10 September 2025
Declarations
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: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
: The study protocol adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and received ethical approval from the Institutional Review Board of Union Hospital, affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Ethical approval number: TJ-IRB20230702; prototype identifier), and the clinical investigations conducted under the protocols NCT02965092, NCT03366350, and NCT04008251 (ClinicalTrials.gov). A centralized monitoring system ensures data integrity and protocol compliance.
: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants or their legal guardians.
