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Article History

Received: 13 May 2024

Accepted: 23 July 2024

First Online: 8 August 2024

Declarations:

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: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. That the survey under discussion is funded at any time by financial support for administering the survey, and analyzing and reporting data, and that any investigator could be paid from these funds may seem to qualify in the strictest sense as a potential conflict of interest in a paper reporting on the use of the survey. In this regard, the National Initiative on Gender, Culture, and Leadership in Medicine, C-Change, is entirely externally funded. All grants and contracts from various institutions or investigators requesting our survey administration, “blind” data analysis of collected data, and reporting are awarded to Brandeis University, which pays some salary support to statisticians and some of the investigators (LP, MBV). C-Change maintains rigorous scientific standards for conducting its studies, and there is complete separation of income flowing into the University from the survey administration and analysis.

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