Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Nasrullah, Adeel
Quazi, Mohammed A
Shakir, Muhammad Hassan
Khan, Eiraj
Sohail, Amir H
Bilal, Muhammad Ibraiz https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8413-6006
Muzammil, Taimur
Sheikh, Abu Baker
Adrish, Muhammad
Cheema, Tariq
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 6 May 2024
Accepted: 27 March 2025
First Online: 14 April 2025
Declarations:
:
: All data were obtained through a request to the Online Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Central Distributor (available at: ), which administers the database (certificate HCUP- 6 CVV58M82). This study conforms to the NIS data-use agreement with HCUP. Because this study analyzed secondary data from the NIS database, patients and the public were not involved directly. Since all data in the NIS database are de-identified, the requirement for informed consent was also waived.
: Not applicable,
: Not applicable .
: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
: The data used in this study are from the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample for the year 2020, obtained from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. The NIS is a publicly available database, and researchers interested in accessing the data can obtain it directly from the HCUP website ( ; accessed on 01 December 2023).
: None.
