Document is current

Article History

Received: 22 August 2025

Accepted: 17 October 2025

First Online: 2 December 2025

Declarations

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: Dr. Chin reported receiving grants or contracts separate from this work from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, California Health Care Foundation, Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, Inc., Merck Foundation, NIDDK, and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, and was a member of the Blue Cross Blue Shield Health Equity Advisory Panel. He has received honoraria from the National Medical Association, Sutter Health and Genentech (Sutter Health supports the Institute for Healthcare Improvement Health Equity Alliance Accelerator in part with funding provided by Genentech), and has received support for attending meetings and travel from America’s Health Insurance Plans and Premier, Inc. Dr. Kelliher reports receiving consulting fees from Pfizer for the Native American Roundtable and from the Association of American Indian Physicians, and honoraria from Sanofi. She owns stock or stock options in Doyon Corporation and Arctic Slope Regional Corp., and is the Vice President of Indigenous Determinants of Health Alliance and Secretary of the Indigenous School of Medicine. Ms. Gyau-Moyer and Dr. Villarruel report no conflicts of interest.

: The thoughts and ideas expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of their employers or other organizations associated with the authors.