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Authors
Ray, Avik
Sreedhara, Sushama K.
Paik, Julie M.
Cromer, Sara J.
Bykov, Katsiaryna
Hahn, Georg
Glynn, Robert J.
Wexler, Deborah J.
Patorno, Elisabetta https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8809-9898
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (DB-2020C2-20326)
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Article History
Received: 12 June 2025
Accepted: 30 December 2025
First Online: 21 January 2026
Declarations
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: The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Mass General Brigham. A waiver of consent was granted to use the administrative claims data; no patient identifiers were ever used nor presented in the results of our analyses.
: Dr. Ray has no conflicts of interest to disclose. Dr. Sreedhara has no conflicts of interest to disclose. Dr. Paik has no conflicts of interest to disclose. Dr. Cromer reports a family member employed by Depuy-Synthes and serving as an ad hoc consultant to Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Patient Square Capital, and Wolters-Kluwer. Dr. Bykov has no conflicts of interest to disclose. Dr. Hahn has no conflicts of interest to disclose. Dr. Glynn has received research support from grants to the Brigham and Women’s Hospital from Amarin, Kowa, and Novartis for unrelated work. Dr. Wexler served on Data Monitoring Committee for Novo Nordisk through 2024 and receives royalties from UpToDate. Dr. Patorno is principal investigator of a research grant to the Brigham and Women’s Hospital from Boehringer Ingelheim, not related to the topic of this work. She receives royalties from UpToDate.
