Document is current

Article History

Received: 11 August 2025

Accepted: 3 January 2026

First Online: 30 January 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by Oregon Health & Science University Institutional Review Board (eIRB #20966). All participants provided informed consent prior to participation.

: Sophie A. Goldman, Riana Wurzburger, Eleasa Sokolski, Patricia A. Carney, and Patricia Liu report no conflicts of interest related to this work. Honora L. Englander reports receiving institutional funding from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (UG1DA015815), CareOregon, HealthShare of Oregon, and the American Hospital Association to support hospital-based addiction medicine work. She also received personal support for sabbatical expenses from the Neurodis Foundation, the US Fulbright Program and Franco-American Fulbright Commission, and Centre Hospitalier Vinatier, Lyon, France. Additional personal honoraria were received from the University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Grayken Center for Addiction at Boston Medical Center; and Crico (University Hospital) for lectures and academic activities. David Lawrence reports receiving a pilot grant from the Greater Los Angeles VA/UCLA Center of Excellence for Veteran Resilience and Recovery to conduct a qualitative evaluation of Veterans participating in a tele-outreach clinic for opioid use disorder treatment. He has received honoraria for presentations on motivational interviewing, harm reduction, alcohol use disorder care, and withdrawal management from Digestive Disease Week, HMP Global Learning Network (sponsored by Alkermes), Maine Substance Use Disorder Learning Community Project ECHO, and OHSU Project ECHO SUDs in the ER. He also received a travel award from the Greater Los Angeles VA/UCLA Center of Excellence for Veteran Resilience and Recovery to attend the 2024 Society of General Internal Medicine Annual Conference.