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Authors
Shufflebarger, Erin F. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0067-4788
deRussy, Aerin J.
Hoge, April E.
Riggs, Kevin R.
Gelberg, Lillian
Gordon, Adam J.
Jones, Audrey L.
Richman, Joshua S.
Montgomery, Ann Elizabeth
Varley, Allyson L.
Kertesz, Stefan G.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Health Services Research and Development (IK2 HX003090)
Health Services Research and Development (IIR 15-095)
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (K23 AR080224)
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Article History
Received: 4 July 2025
Accepted: 13 April 2026
First Online: 14 May 2026
Declarations
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: Analyzed data are derived from a protocol approved by the VA’s Central Institutional Review Board. Participants were informed that by answering the survey they were agreeing to participate in the research study, so additional signed informed consent was not obtained.
: Dr. Riggs was supported by a career development award from the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. Dr. Jones was supported by a career development award from VA Health Services Research & Development. Dr. Kertesz reports current ownership of health-related stocks: Thermo Fisher, and past-year ownership of stock from DexCom. He receives royalties from Wolters-Kluwer, Inc, publisher of UpToDate. Dr. Varley is also employed with Heart Rhythm Clinical and Research Solutions. None has any financial interest in this work and is directly relevant to the subject of this manuscript. All authors were financially affiliated with the United States Department of Veterans Affairs through employment or contract during the preparation of this manuscript. There are no other conflicts of interest relevant to the work under consideration.
: The views expressed in this manuscript are those of the authors alone and do not represent formal positions or views of the United States Department of Veterans Affairs.
