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Authors
Huang, Yi-Chieh
Chang, Kai-Hsiang
Kao, Sheng-Wen
Chen, Yi-Chou
Cheng, Ming-Te
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Article History
Received: 16 March 2026
Accepted: 21 May 2026
First Online: 3 June 2026
Declarations
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: This study was conducted as a retrospective cross-sectional analysis using deidentified clinical and imaging data. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan (approval no. TYGH114057). The requirement for informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board due to the retrospective design of the study and the use of anonymized data.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: None.
