Funding for this research was provided by:
Fundamental Research Funds for the Liaoning Universities (LJ222410146021)
Applied Basic Research Program of Liaoning Province (2023JH2/101300226)
Liaoning Province Metallurgical equipment and process control key laboratory open project (2024KFKT-01)
Article History
Received: 30 July 2025
Accepted: 10 September 2025
First Online: 14 October 2025
Conflict of Interest
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this study