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Authors
Qiao, Niu
Chen, Jing-Xian
Liu, Yan
Chen, Zhu
Chen, Sai-Juan
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Article History
Received: 7 August 2025
Accepted: 16 December 2025
First Online: 1 April 2026
Compliance with ethics guidelines
: Conflicts of interest Niu Qiao, Jing-Xian Chen, Yan Liu, and Zhu Chen declare no competing interests. Sai-Juan Chen is the Editor-in-Chief of MedScience and was excluded from peer review and all editorial decisions related to the acceptance and publication of this article. Peer review was handled independently by other editors to minimize bias.
: This manuscript is a review article and does not involve a research protocol requiring approval by the relevant institutional review board or ethics committee.
