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Authors
Ma, Quanying
Han, Yuan
Ma, Yuqing
Wang, Xiaoqiang
Li, Zhi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Educational Technology Innovation of Gansu Province (2023A-042)
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Article History
Received: 6 December 2024
Accepted: 21 October 2025
First Online: 14 November 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not applicable.
