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Authors
Jelodar, Maryam Damchi
Ghaffari, Azadeh
Jafari, Samineh
Sharafi, Ali
Hassan, Maryam https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7225-733X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (IR.ZUMS.REC.1400.416)
National Institute for Medical Research Development (IR.NIMAD.REC.1396.116)
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Article History
Received: 1 September 2025
Accepted: 7 November 2025
First Online: 25 November 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
: The authors acknowledge the use of ChatGPT (OpenAI, San Francisco, CA, USA) to assist in refining the language and providing suggestions for structuring and discussing the results. The AI tool was not used for data collection, statistical analysis, or generating scientific conclusions. All scientific interpretations, validations, and final edits were carried out by the authors, who take full responsibility for the content of the manuscript.
