Nugraheni, Ari Dwi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6862-8393
Murtafi’atin, Rini https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1543-1778
Nurmayasari, https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7121-3201
Fajariah, Nurul https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2993-5893
Salsabilla, Affifah Dias https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6439-8158
Partini, Juliasih https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9590-4763
Chotimah, https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8164-731X
Funding for this research was provided by:
Directorate General of Higher Education, Research, and Technology, Republic of Indonesia (048/E5/PG.02.00.PL/2024; 2651/UN1/DITLIT/PT.01.03/2024.)
Article History
Received: 24 June 2025
Accepted: 17 November 2025
First Online: 1 December 2025
Declarations
:
: On behalf of all the co-authors, the corresponding author declares no conflict of interest.