Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institutes of Health (K01TW010271)
Article History
First Online: 28 August 2017
Compliance with Ethical Standards
:
: This study was considered exempt by the Institutional Review Board at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, as the HCUP-NIS database is a publicly available and non-identifiable data source.
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: This study used the HCUP-NIS database which is a publicly available and non-identifiable secondary data source. For this type of study, additional informed consent is not required.
: This article does not contain any experiments with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.