Qiu, Jeffrey
Lundberg, Peter W.
Javier Birriel, T.
Claros, Leonardo
Stoltzfus, Jill
El Chaar, Maher
Article History
First Online: 20 April 2018
Compliance with Ethical Standards
:
: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. For this retrospective study, formal consent is not required.
: As this study involved a retrospective review of a prospectively maintained, de-identified database, obtaining informed consent did not apply, and we obtained an exemption from informed consent by our center’s Institutional Review Board.
: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. For this retrospective study, formal consent is not required.