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Article History

First Online: 12 March 2020

Compliance with Ethical Standards

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: MG has received a scholarship from the Maurice and Phyllis Paykel Trust. KP is the Heart Foundation Hynds Senior Fellow. AW has no conflict of interest. RM is a principal investigator at the Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery.

: This study was performed as part of the VIEW research programme, which was approved by the Northern Region Ethics Committee Y in 2003 (AKY/03/12/314) with subsequent annual approval by the National Multi Region Ethics Committee since 2007 (MEC07/19/EXP). This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

: Individualised patient consent was not required as all data are anonymised.