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Authors
Barajas-Gamboa, Juan S.
Mocanu, Valentin
Restrepo-Rodas, Gabriela
Wills, Mélissa V.
Kachornvitaya, Pattharasai
Lee, Sol
Shin, Thomas H.
Zhu, Xinlei
Allemang, Matthew
Strong, Andrew T.
Navarrete, Salvador
Corcelles, Ricard
Guerron, A. Daniel
Rodriguez, John
Kroh, Matthew
Dang, Jerry T.
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Article History
Received: 29 July 2025
Revised: 21 November 2025
Accepted: 5 December 2025
First Online: 11 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was exempt from institutional review board approval as the MBSAQIP Participant User File (PUF) contains only de-identified patient data.
: Informed consent was waived for this retrospective study in accordance with institutional and national research ethics guidelines.
: Matthew Kroh serves as Chief Medical Officer for Core Surgical Innovation, Medtronic. This position is unrelated to the current study, and there are no financial or commercial associations between this research and Medtronic or any of its products. All other authors declare no competing financial or non-financial interests relevant to this work.
