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Authors
Kapellas, Nikolaos
Alkhalil, Samer
Senkal, Metin
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Article History
Received: 13 January 2026
Revised: 7 March 2026
Accepted: 2 April 2026
First Online: 10 April 2026
Declarations
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: For this type of study formal consent is not required. All patients provided written informed consent prior to entry into the StuDoQ|MBE registry. Each participating German hospital obtained approval from its local ethics committee before contributing data to the registry. For the present analysis, only anonymized data from the local center were used. In accordance with national regulations and institutional policy, no additional ethics vote was required due to the retrospective design and use of de-identified registry data.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
