Li, Xiong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1899-6542
Bian, Guoqiang
Yang, Tao
Hu, Kongfa
Xu, Renli
Zhou, Zuojian
Hu, Chenjun
Funding for this research was provided by:
Open Project of Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of TCM Intelligence Health Service (No. ZHZYY202509)
the Open Project of Chinese Materia Medica First-Class Discipline of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (No. ZYXYL2024-003)
the Project of Institute of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University (No. ICM2024037)
the Frontier Technology Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province, Key Technology Research for TCM Vertical-Specific Large Model (BF2025076)
Article History
Received: 30 October 2025
Revised: 15 December 2025
Accepted: 5 January 2026
First Online: 2 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.