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Article History

Received: 10 August 2022

Accepted: 8 January 2023

First Online: 13 January 2023

Declarations

:

: The authors of this article declare that they have no conflicting interests regarding the publication of this paper. The authors received no funding or specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors in the production of this study or the preparation of this manuscript. This paper was presented at The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons Annual Scientific Meeting on May 1, 2022. This study did not receive any funding support from any organization. Dr. Laila Rashidi has an honorarium teaching relationship with CSATS and Intuitive Surgical, however, this did not have any impact on the study presented within.

: Given the nature of the dual institution retrospective review, Institutional Review Board approval was obtained from both institutions. Additionally, a joint agreement by both Institutional Review Boards was achieved for the sharing of data and information between institutions.

: Due to the retrospective nature of this study after the patient encounter and account were closed, the consent process for participation was waived by our Institutional Review Board. No patient specific information is included in the study. Only authors involved in the study were able to access patient data to produce information pertinent to this study and then patient specific information was immediately deleted and none was saved.