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Authors
Kawashima, Atsunari https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9369-4264
Yamamoto, Yoshiyuki
Ishizuya, Yu
Hayashi, Takuji
Ueda, Norichika
Nakazawa, Shigeaki
Takezawa, Kentaro
Kato, Taigo
Hatano, Koji
Kakuta, Yoichi
Nonomura, Norio
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Article History
Received: 23 August 2025
Accepted: 6 October 2025
First Online: 21 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (2024) and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Osaka University Hospital [#23530(T13)].
: Given the retrospective study design using de-identified data, the requirement for written informed consent was waived. Patient confidentiality was strictly maintained throughout the data collection, analysis, and reporting.
: Not applicable.
