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Authors
Lin, Chang-Lin
Chen, Ming-Cheng
Lin, Chun-Yu
Chiang, Shih-Wei
Cheng, Hou-Hsuan
Shao, Yen-Chen
Huang, Shang-Chih
Chiang, Feng-Fan
Chen, Wei-Yuan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Taichung Veterans General Hospital
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Article History
Received: 19 December 2025
Accepted: 3 February 2026
First Online: 27 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This retrospective study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Taichung Veterans General Hospital (TCVGH-IRB No.: CE25540A).
: The requirement for informed consent was waived by the TCVGH-IRB due to the retrospective design and the use of de-identified data.
