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Authors
Huang, Hao
Zheng, Yuchen
Tao, Ran
Zhang, Chengwu
Yu, Zichen
Gao, Zhenyu
Jin, Liming
Liu, Jie
Shi, Ying
Zhang, Jungang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Science and Technology Department Public Welfare Project of Zhejiang Province (LGF22H160032)
Medical and Health Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province (2023KY501)
the Age-Related Activities Navigation Program Research Fund of China
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Article History
Received: 23 February 2026
Accepted: 24 March 2026
First Online: 4 April 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Hao Huang: Study design, data quality control, manuscript preparation. Yuchen Zheng: Data curation, Formal analysis. Zichen Yu: Data curation, Formal analysis. Zhenyu Gao: Supervision. Zhenyu Gao: Formal analysis. Ran Tao: manuscript review, Limin Jin: manuscript review, Jie Liu: manuscript review, Chengwu Zhang: Writing – review & editing. Ying Shi: Supervision, manuscript review.Jungang Zhang: Conceptualization, manuscript review, Writing – review & editing.
: Each author declares that no conflicting financial or personal interests exist which might undermine the impartiality of this work. We affirm that the integrity of the reported data remains uncompromised by any external affiliations.
: This retrospective study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Approval No.QT2025127), which waived the requirement for individual informed consent due to the anonymized and observational nature of the data analysis.
