Huang, Yifeng
Liu, Mingquan
Hou, Haotian
Cai, Junming
Lei, Jie
Zuo, Yinze
Zheng, Yun
Yan, Wei
Zhang, Jiujun
Article History
Received: 21 September 2025
Revised: 25 December 2025
Accepted: 7 January 2026
First Online: 10 March 2026
Ethics
: Competing Interests Jiujun Zhang is the Deputy Editor-in-Chief of ENGINEERING Energy , Wei Yan is a member of Editorial Board of ENGINEERING Energy , who were excluded from the peer-review process and all editorial decisions related to the acceptance and publication of this article. Peer-review was handled independently by the other editors to minimise bias.