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Survey and analysis of metaheuristic search behavior characterization: a case study on particle swarm optimization variants

Published Online: 2025-12-11

Published Print: 2026-12

Authors

Hayward, Lauren

Engelbrecht, Andries P.
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-12-11

Version of Record valid from 2025-12-11
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Article History

Received: 24 February 2025

Accepted: 29 October 2025

First Online: 11 December 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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