Article History
Received: 1 October 2019
Accepted: 29 October 2019
First Online: 14 November 2019
Compliance with ethical standards
:
: Polosa Riccardo: in relation to his work in the area of tobacco control, RP has received lecture fees and research funding from Pfizer and GlaxoSmithKline, manufacturers of stop smoking medications. He has also received support from The Consumer Advocates for Smoke-free Alternatives (CASAA) for publication and open access costs of one paper. He has also served as a consultant for Pfizer, Global Health Alliance for treatment of tobacco dependence, ECITA (Electronic Cigarette Industry Trade Association, in the UK), Arbi Group Srl. and Health Diplomats (consulting company that delivers solutions to global health problems with special emphasis on harm minimization). Lectures fees from a number of European electronic cigarette industry and trade associations (including FIVAPE in France and FIESEL in Italy) were directly donated to vapers advocacy no-profit organizations. Publication costs for previous work have been met by independent e-cigarette industry including Happy Liquid, Ritchy Europe, Cuts Ice e-Liquid Laboratories and VDLV e-Liquids. RP is the Director of the Center of Excellence for the acceleration of Harm Reduction at the University of Catania (CoEHAR), which has received a grant from Foundation for a Smoke Free World to develop and carry out 8 research projects. RP is also currently involved in the following pro bono activities: scientific advisor for LIAF, Lega Italiana Anti Fumo (Italian acronym for Italian Anti-Smoking League), the Consumer Advocates for Smoke-free Alternatives (CASAA) and the International Network of Nicotine Consumers Organizations (INNCO); Chair of the European Technical Committee for tandardization on “Requirements and test methods for emissions of electronic cigarettes” (CEN/TC 437; WG4). Konstantinos Farsalinos has no conflict of interest to report for the past 3 years. For the past 5 years, Konstantinos Farsalinos has published 2 studies funded by the non-profit association AEMSA and 1 study funded by the non-profit association Tennessee Smoke-Free Association. Domenico Prisco has no conflict of interest.
: This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.
: For this type of study formal consent is not required.