Document is current

Article History

Received: 6 November 2024

Accepted: 4 February 2025

First Online: 24 February 2025

Declarations

:

: LS declares no conflict. GC declares no conflict. JBM has received honoraria for speaking and financial support to attend meetings/advisory boards from Wyeth, Chiesi, Pfizer, MSD, Boehringer Ingelheim, Teva, GSK/Allen & Hanburys, Napp, Almirall, AstraZeneca, Trudell, Cook Medical, Medela AG and Novartis. He has been an expert witness in a court case relating to the impact of smoking on illness severity, ITU admissions, and mortality from COVID-19 in South Africa in 2020. The entire proceeds of the work were donated to a number of charitable organizations. AS is an employee of Pinney Associates Inc (PA). Since October 2019, PA has been and continues to consult to Juul Labs Inc (JLI) on nicotine vapor products to advance tobacco harm reduction. In addition, as of October 2024, Pinney Associates consults to Philip Morris International (PMI) solely on US regulatory pathways for non-combustible, non-tobacco nicotine products. PA does not consult on combustible tobacco products. AS also individually provides consulting services on behavioral science to the Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction (CoEHAR) through ECLAT Srl., which received funding from the Foundation for a Smokefree World (FSFW; now the Global Action to End Smoking (GAES). Neither JLI nor PMI had no role in, or oversight, of this study. GRMLR is currently a research fellow at the University of Catania. She declares no conflict of interest. RP is full tenured professor of Internal Medicine at the University of Catania (Italy) and Medical Director of the Institute for Internal Medicine at the same University. He has received the following EU and governmental competitive grants: U-BIOPRED, AIR-PROM, Integral Rheumatology & Immunology Specialists Network (IRIS), Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca (MUR) PNRR 3277/2021, PNRR 341/2022, and PNRR 411/2021 funded by NextGenerationEU of the European Commission. He has also received investigator-initiated grants from Foundation for a Smoke-Free World, Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline, CV Therapeutics, NeuroSearch A/S, Sandoz, Merk Sharp & Dohme, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, Arbi Group Srl., Duska Therapeutics, and Forest Laboratories. He is the founder of the Center for Tobacco Prevention and Treatment (CPCT) and of the Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction at Catania University. He has received consultancy fees from Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Duska Therapeutics, Forest Laboratories, CV Therapeutics, Sermo Inc., GRG Health, Clarivate Analytics, Guidepoint Expert Network, and GLG Group. He receives textbooks royalties from Elsevier and EDRA. He is also Chair of the European Technical Committee for Standardization on “Requirements and test methods for emissions of electronic cigarettes” (CEN/TC 437; WG4) and scientific advisor of the non-profit Foundation RIDE2Med.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.