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Authors
Adebisi, Yusuff Adebayo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2381-0984
Jimoh, Nafisat Dasola
Ngoma, Chimwemwe
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Article History
Received: 10 March 2025
Accepted: 1 June 2025
First Online: 18 June 2025
Declarations
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: Yusuff Adebayo Adebisi received funding in the past through the Tobacco Harm Reduction Scholarship and the Kevin Molloy Fellowship, both awarded by Knowledge-Action-Change (KAC) UK, an independent public health organization. Nafisat Dasola Jimoh is currently an enhanced scholar in the Tobacco Harm Reduction Programme of KAC. Chimwemwe Ngoma is a consultant to KAC. KAC receives funding from Global Action to End Smoking (GA), an independent U.S. nonprofit 501(c)(3) grantmaking organization that supports Health & Science Research, Cessation Education, and Agricultural Transformation initiatives. This research was conducted independently and is not linked to any prior funding sources.
: No ethical approval was sought. Not required.
: Patients and/or the public were not involved in the design, or conduct, or reporting, or dissemination plans of this research.
: No ethical approval or informed consent was required by the authors for this research, as it qualifies for exemption from human subjects’ research.
