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Article History

Received: 16 April 2025

Accepted: 19 July 2025

First Online: 5 August 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committees, and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committees of the University of Trento and Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari of Trento (Italy), through which participants were recruited.

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Participants were recruited by either the neurologist or neuropsychologist involved in their care and familiar with both the patients and their carers. They received comprehensive oral and written information about the study and voluntarily agreed to share their contact details with the primary researchers. Participation was entirely voluntary, and it was clearly communicated that participants could withdraw their consent at any time without providing a reason and without any consequences. It was emphasized that their decision to participate or withdraw would not affect their medical treatment, standard of care, or their relationship with healthcare providers.