Miller-Holt, Jacqueline https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5815-0552
O’Connell, Grant https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8877-1629
Bach, Renaud https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4913-1262
Charriere, Maurane https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1668-8375
Kanemaru, Yuki https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9934-9488
Su, Ziyi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7987-4442
Larroque, Sylvain
Jacobson, Karin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4673-1592
Funding for this research was provided by:
JTI SA and Japan Tobacco Inc.
Article History
Received: 9 September 2025
Accepted: 16 October 2025
First Online: 29 October 2025
Declarations
:
: Jacqueline Miller Holt, Grant O’Connell, Renaud Bacch, Maurane Charriere, Yuki Kanemaru, Sylvain Larroque, and Karin Jacobson are employed by, and receive a salary from, JTI SA, a tobacco company. Ziyi Su is employed by, and receives a salary from, Japan Tobacco Inc., a tobacco company.
: This study involved a secondary analysis of publicly available data. No ethical approval or informed consent was required by the authors for this reasearch.