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Minimally invasive and standardized thoracoscopic surgery for stage III empyema using a variable-view rigid endoscope

Published Online: 2025-09-10

Published Print: 2026-02

Authors

Iizuka, Shuhei

Oki, Tomonari

Nakamura, Toru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9199-4551
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-09-10

Version of Record valid from 2025-09-10
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Article History

Received: 25 June 2025

Accepted: 20 August 2025

First Online: 10 September 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional review board of Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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