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Authors
Arshad, Ayesha
Zahra, Itrat
Ibrahim, Awais
Shabbir, Usama
Nawaz, Shahid
Liaqat, Ayesha
Ijaz, Roohi
Arooj, Tuba
Rasheed, Sammi
Ghauri, Ayesha
Muneer, Bushra
Hedfi, Amor
Ali, Manel Ben
Khan, Arslan Muhammad Ali
Betenbaugh, Michael J.
Shakoori, Abdul Rauf
Shakoori, Farah Rauf
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Taif University (TU-DSPP-2024-176)
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Article History
Received: 4 September 2025
Accepted: 25 December 2025
First Online: 23 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declared that they have no competing interests.
