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Authors
Qiao, Jinghui
Xu, Ning
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Postgraduate Education Reform Project of Liaoning Province (LNYJG2022073)
Postgraduate Education Reform Project of Liaoning Province (LNYJG2022073)
Postgraduate Education Reform Project of Shenyang University of Technology (SYJG20222002)
Postgraduate Education Reform Project of Shenyang University of Technology (SYJG20222002)
Department of Education of Liaoning Province (LJ212410142020)
Department of Education of Liaoning Province (LJ212410142020)
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Article History
Received: 23 October 2025
Revised: 26 October 2025
Accepted: 10 December 2025
First Online: 19 December 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
