Wang, Dongxiao
Hu, Jiahua
Zhao, Jiayan
Zhu, Feng
Ye, Kai
Zhou, Qing
Pan, Yang
Article History
Received: 18 November 2025
Revised: 18 March 2026
Accepted: 19 March 2026
First Online: 26 April 2026
Ethics
: Conflicts of Interest Yang Pan is a youth editorial board member of ENGINEERING Environment . The authors declare that this research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.